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Minister of Water Resources David Estwick and the General manager of the BWA Dr. John Mwansa denied the initial report

It has been a few days Barbadians were alerted to the decision by the Barbados government about an arrangement with Amazone Resources to transport a maximum of 2 million litres of water to Barbados. It is an open secret the Barbados Water Authority (BWA) has been struggling to supply water to Barbadians living on the rock -especially in the Northern parishes with St. Joseph the hardest impacted.

The CEO Auke Piek of Amazone Resources was quoted in the media:

[he] would like to have the launch of the flexbag on November 21 or 22 and after that, it will be sent to Barbados with drinkable surface water from the rivers. The journey should take four to five days, using a tugboat to pull the floating flexbag/flextank … We will test, through our trial, how the water behaves during transportation.

It came as no surprise to the BU household to learn about yet another agreement consummated behind the backs of Barbadians in the dead of the night by this government. To make matters more interesting, several local news sources reported that the minister of water resources David Estwick and the general manager of the BWA Dr. John Mwansa denied the initial report.

However in light of subsequent reports from the BWA that confirmed an experimental shipment of water was approved by the BWA with the Suriname company Amazone Resources to test the feasibility of freighting water to Barbados under safe conditions in the event of a future need. The MOU with Amazone Resources did not include offloading the water in Barbados.

One wonders why the authorities in Barbados retreated to a defensive reaction when the news broke initially. Why didn’t the management make a quick decision to get ahead of the story if the agreement with Amazone was about contingency in the event the BWA is unable to supply potable water to Barbadians if drought conditions continue to adversely affect water generation. In fact the bigger concern is why did the management of water resources in Barbados not think it prudent to share the information with Barbadians when the MOU was signed off? Why the culture of governance by stealth.

Now that Barbadians have learned about the plan to barge water to Barbados, what is next? Who will tell us?

However, it was agreed that due to a lack of existing infrastructure in Barbados for the receipt of the water, storage and pumping and the need to establish the necessary water quality standards and importation control measures, the water in the barge would not be offloaded – Barbados Water Authority

Surely there is more information the BWA needs to share with the taxpayers of Barbados about the MOU between the BWA and Amazon.

The concern some have expressed is that Suriname has been tagged as a country where the risk of contracting Zika is very high. What screening infrastructure would Barbados have to implement to protect Barbadians from exposure to infectious diseases from Suriname and elsewhere if the decision to barge water to Barbados becomes a reality.

Relevant links:

The Barbadian public has a right to know what our government is doing from those who were elected to serve them. We have not forgotten this DLP government ran on a ticket of a transparency government not too long ago.

 


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149 responses to “Importing Water from Suriname and the Right to Know”


  1. David

    I have many Jamaican friends here in America, and when these people tell me about the infrastructure in the country areas of the Jamaica, I genuflect and thank God that I am thankful to be born and bred in Bulbados. Because some of my friends said to me that sometimes during the day in Jamaica the water is mucky and at other times their have to take a fresh before the water pressure runs low.

  2. Violet C Beckles Avatar
    Violet C Beckles

    i hope we not using drinking water for hotel pools?


  3. Nothing this government does surprises me……….they are beyond the pale.

    What I could not understand was…………… that in the face of facts and where the evidence was clear, the liars lied.

    These morons really think we are fools, what company in a foreign land would just get up and go to the trouble of shipping water to Barbados just for so…………are these JA’s in government for real?

    Well, well……….Mark Williams made some references to this on Brasstacks on Monday and I will wait and see what he reveals further.

    I am of the view that maybe……just maybe this was supposed to be kept secret and was to be used as a back up just in case the millions of people that they are expecting at the end of the month actually arrive and put a huge strain on what they have been telling the people in St Joseph that we are a water scare country.

    Now…now….after going to the diaspora and telling them how great things are and what a good job they are doing, they cannot have them find out otherwise…..now, can we?

    Oh what a tangle web the dems weave to deceive! They cannot keep them straight!


  4. David

    Despite the lack of transparency on the part of this government as you and others here have claimed, you know as well as I do that from time to time a nation has to deal with a national crisis of some sort the best it can.

    Nevertheless, I remember quite vividly, several years ago we had a very bad ice- storm here in my state which knocked out many of major power grids around the state causing a total blackout.

    And for an entire week the state of some 4 million slept, without light, heat, hot water, tv, cell phones, transportation and hot food, until the governor declared a state of emergency activating the federal response.

    But we (the people of the state) suffered that entire week with the notion in mind that things were going to improve, but I didn’t recall much people bitching and moaning after the problem was addressed like yall do here on BU.


  5. The name Mark Maloney and Bjerkham were mentioned recently with this water issue. How true is anyone’s guess, but when the name Maloney is mentioned in anything, we must pause and wonder what the outcome might be. Other names and countries were also mentioned as well.

    I say anything with Maloney attached we ought to investigate further. The question is what else WILL be coming in the shipment beside water either inside or outside the vessels


  6. David

    Excellent info and on point.

  7. DLP (Formerly CBC) Radio and TV Avatar
    DLP (Formerly CBC) Radio and TV

    I heard on Brass Tacks a regular caller…bringing fire and brimstone on Mr. Mwansa’s head due to the initial “report” that Dr. Estwick didn’t know..but Mr Mwansa knew about the plan to import water. The caller was under the impression that Mr Mwansa was the sole person who authorized this plan…..i felt for poor Mr Mwansa as anyone with knowledge knows that a general manager of a statutory board cannot singly authorise such a plan…but could have probably recommended it…..Other than the fact that Estwick, is a blasted LIAR, he was prepared to throw the BWA under a bus.
    Now hearing the details of this water CRISIS…i have pieced together a picture that does not paint at least the BWA and by extension Dr. Estwick in a good light at all!!!!….Firstly the importation of water in my opinion indicates that Barbados has a chronic SUPPLY issue ALL OVER…if not it wouldn’t make sense to import water, it would have made better sense to bore more wells and get the water elsewhere in Bdos. I am saying is not SOLELY or even PRIMARILY a distribution issue as has been given as the reason for the dry taps. Ok, it is said that there is a drought…but we have had droughts in years past and we have not had our water supply affected in this way to such a severity. What i have also heard from the BWA, and other quarters, that rainfall in Bdos has declined year upon year for the past 5 years. Given this info, the BWA MUST have known far in advance that the wells were getting critically low and had enough time for a plan to be devised before it got to this CRISIS point…..I want to know why this information was not ACTED UPON FAR EARLIER!!!!!! Was the case that the BWA didn’t know?? which i don’t believe…did the BWA know but didn’t divulge to the Minister? to which if true i would call for the heads of the executive of the BWA….Was it that the BWA told the Minister but the Minister failed to act to which i would call for the Minister to resign!!!!…
    This Water CRISIS just highlight how this “gov’t” in the broadest definition…is just incompetent in handling the affairs of this country….I am detecting a hidden scandal in that the Gov’t waited until the proverbial horse has bolted from the stable…cannot get it catch and has left innocent people of ST. Joseph and other parishes being denied the basic right of having running water in 2016!!!!! not for weeks but has been a chronic problem for up to a year already!!!!! You can believe some people had to depend on rain water in this B’dos in 2016!!!!…And this circus that we call “gov’t” that Barbados has been damned with, will want to come to the electorate in 2017-18 to beg for another 5 year term!!!!!….That would be a sick joke….Bajans must call for HEADS to roll!!!!…


  8. @David,
    There a number of operative words to be considered, before people get their tails in knots.
    “to test the feasibility of freighting water to Barbados under safe conditions in the event of a future need.
    The words “test the feasibility”, “in the event of future need,” “under safe conditions”.
    these are the important words to be considered. This is being proactive, which is what you have been calling for. Now action is being taken you are getting your haunches up in the air. Wait and see what is the outcome. Before a company drills for oil they always have preliminary tests done. Wait and see.


  9. Didn’t the late David Thompson hike the water rate by 60% to do what again?


  10. @ DLP TV,

    David Estwick never seemed interested in the Ministry of Agriculture only in being Minister of Finance.

    So maybe he did not know or care what the BWA did, what he wanted he got so to hell with all Barbadians.

    The importation was supposed to be secret, as usual they are such morons, everything they touch they destroy.


  11. If that is bulk water taken from rivers, etc., expect water born diseases and parasites.


  12. @ David

    This is maybe the most difficult issue we have had to comment on.

    How do you deal with a country which purports to have a well-educated populace but can’t do something as basic as supplying water to everybody and in adequate quantities.

    We are well aware that Barbados is a water area. We understand the technical issues about old pipes and so on.

    But Jesus, that we have to now talk about importing water begs the question about our right to exist as a country, as a people.

    This saddens us!


  13. scarce


  14. Our paranoia seems to be paralysing us ! . . . . It would not be a bad idea to import water from Suriname so as to sell it to the cruise and other ships that use it only as washdown – not only for a margin of forex profit but also to ensure that Barbados continues to be an acceptable port-of-call in the event that the drought continues. No point blabbing about the concept until the feasibility and the cost are negotiated between the various parties involved !! There does have to be a nefarious plot in every research project !!


  15. The idea that Barbados has a well educated population is fallacy, especially when you consider some who attributing more significant to where their attended school rather than the quality of education the institution of learning is producing.

    A prime example of this I often give regarding the Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs, whom by all definitions attended a second rated secondary school( Garrison) but ended up lecturing at the UWI to his his peers, whom attended school of national acclaimed in Barbados.


  16. Lee

    About thirty years ago America used to produced most of it food stuff because of the many family farms through the country, but today America import virtually all of it food stuff. And in the beginning a lot of Americans had had a problem with this idea, until the country and western signer Willie Nelson led the changer with his farm aid concerts across the country, but it is fair to concluded that some thirty years later, most Americans have gotten used to the idea of the food import. In any event, I have noticed from my vantage point here that a lot of Barbadians aren’t very comfortable with the idea of change, and any attempt to dismantle the old order is viewed with some form of discontent.


  17. Pacha,
    The rainfall in 2015 was 50% less than it was four years before. The number of indoor facilities: showers, toilets, washing machines and general water usage; not to count the increased number of cats busses etc (PSVs that some owners wash aT THE PUBLIC PIPES, HAVE CAUSED WATER USAGE TO INCREASE MORE THAN 50% PERCENT WITHIN THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS. THESE TWO FACTORS WILL PUT SEVERE STRAIN ON THE WATER SUPPLIES. IN ADDITION THE SEWAGE SYSTEMS (to my mind the wrong type) does not allow for the recycling and/or reuse of non-potable water, for things like irrigation or other uses..


  18. Here is a story from Guyana that identifies Barbados as a possible buyer of water from Suriname as well as a price that Barbados was willing to for the water. This Guyanese newspaper had a story since last year and Bajans were not even given a clue by this goverment. http://www.stabroeknews.com/2015/news/stories/11/03/suriname-closer-to-exporting-drinking-water/


  19. pay*


  20. This is beginning to sound like the Cahill plant. Barbados is being used as a guinea pig for this unprovened technology. Bringing unsafe river water in unprovened technology. Then there is the MOU, which must have contained a contractual arrangement otherwise no water would be in the process of being shipped. I would love to see the documents. I wonder what is the cost and who are the middlemen responsible for this scheme to privatize the delivery of water.


  21. @ Prodigal Son, this one sounds like a plan hatched up by Mark and Bjorn and is being tested for independence. It is their way of starting the privatization of water in Bim. As usual their plans come with an intent to kill half of Barbados. First it was Gasification now it is unsafe water.


  22. I watched the video and read about the company from its website. It is all new, new technology, no past customers, no factual information on the company or the process it will utilize to purify the water. All the pictures used on the website are from Google. There is not even a picture of their plant or the rivers from which the water will be taken. I am wondering if it is a shell company.


  23. @Lee

    You need to revisit your position. So many issues about this matter we need to unpack whether transparency, water quality, water management in Barbados etc.


  24. Was told that it was suggested to the activist David Commisiong to focus on the water issue.
    Both are public health issues… But the private contracts are permissible in the circumstances.

    The water issue… Start from the BLP and the BLnP and the self generation of electricity and come forward to the DLP and the price increase to the mains laying etc.

    An accountability for the monies raised by the Thompson measures is due and can be demanded. Etc. etc.

    Who will assist Commissiong? Dear readers and contributors… Who? You?


  25. Heather

    Maybe the privatization of water in Barbados is the right course for the government to take because for one, it will offer more competition rather than the mere reliance on a specific entity to produce this service for the public. And as a people whom were reared on democratic ideals, we should welcome any or every opportunity the government gives to privatized because this in of itself will undermined the monopolistic practices of government with respect to this service.


  26. Heather

    Less reliance of governmental sector and more involvement of the private sector to produce some of the services to the public the governmental sector accustomed doing. Why ought that be a problem when on the one hand, we take affront to government encroaching in our private affairs, but we haven’t any problem with government delivering the services which are integral to our very survival as a nation?


  27. Heather

    What is so wrong with the idea of government privatizing its industries, but still maintaining some measure of oversight through regulatory means?


  28. What have I missed here?

    ‘2 million litres’ of water is 2,000 cubic meters which has a commercial retail price of BDS$9,320 at $4.66 per cubic meter. Why would you send a ship to Suriname to collect $9,000 of water?

  29. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    They said it was a test run to test the flex bag that is carrying the water for it’s durability, then test the water to see how it handled the journey, the water will not be landing on the island on this occasion, or so they said earlier in the week…at least that is one of their stories.

    ……..after that who knows, because the idiots in Parliament refuse to tell people who pay their salaries anything, for that reason first and foremost, they gotta go, kick them out.

    They refuse to be transparent, no one needs them to screw up everything else.


  30. Prodigal Son

    The reality is at some point a government has to deal with a national crisis of some sort during its tenure.
    You ought to recall that during the initial stage of the Obama’s presidency, he dealt with the oil exploration on the ocean which proved quite difficult to get a handle on, and he received unfair criticism though he allocated all of the resources necessary to address this nation crisis.
    But wunna Johnies sit down hare on BU every day and level wunna critique at the way in which government is trying to address the problems of the nations, and wunna conveniently forget how the opposition party yall support nonchalantly makes no mention of this issues dah wunna writing wunna load dog crap bout.

  31. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    Dont mind that donkey Alvin….I am sure the local crooks from Cahill scam and others are behind something equally wicked to steal taxpayer’s money from the useless nonentities in parliament and bribe them to do so, as usual..

    ……..again, as usual, they refuse to research the people whose hands they love to pick up taxpayer’s money and put it in, they refuse to do any due diligence to see what the fallout of associating with known crooks and criminals in the business community will have on the country’s reputation.

    …..as long as this Suriname water acquisition has been a secret for over a year, someone in parliament and BWA is looking to gain kickbacks or skim off the top at taxpayer’s expense for years to come.

    Get those beasts out of parliament, they are useless.

  32. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    One wonders however, if it’s a test run and the water is not being offloaded in Barbados this time, then there should be no payment from the taxpayer’s this time, since the water will be headed back to Suriname….

    …….hopefully no one is trying to pocket money for water not delivered to the island.

    …… when you are dealing with thieves…..the possibilities are endless…


  33. Adrian Loveridge

    What would your suggestion be if you think what the government is doing undermines common-sense and proper judgment? So far all your doing it blowing hot air with little or no suggestion to address the crisis. So what would be your alternative solution to address the crisis immediately?


  34. Alvin

    Don’t waste yah time trying to explain anything to David and de crew if it supports anything the DLP does because it will be met with a stiff opposition, even if there is some measure of validity or plausibility in what you’re trying to convey to the one-track minded people.


  35. It is very strange that the company Amazone Resources does not have any contact information on its webpage. I wonder why. It also only has 10 followers on LinkedIn.

  36. Anonymouse - The Gazer Avatar
    Anonymouse – The Gazer

    @Heather

    The apparent lack of information website on the company webpage is very surprising. I searched to learn about the company history, its management and to gather information for investors ( a private or public company), but this type of information is lacking.

    The website seem to be more of a cut and paste job with a few paragraphs as place holders. I took this to mean that the website is now being developed and we are witnessing the creation of a new company.

    We are a blessed nation as companies miraculously appear as if to suit our needs.
    Abracadabra

  37. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    “So what would be your alternative solution to address the crisis immediately?”

    That is what the government ministers are paid a salary by taxpayers to do, find workable, healthy, viable solutions….and alternatives to those solutions…and a plan B and C if those first solutions turn out to be useless useless.

    But first and foremost CONSULT WITH THE TAXPAYERS before they run with their lamebrained, bribe inducing plans…to hear if there are even better solutions coming from the taxpayers.

  38. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    Amazone Resources, a Swiss based company, has been granted a 40-year concession to export fresh water from Suriname.

    The Dutch owned company will be allowed to tap an average of 12 billion cubic meters of Surinamese river water. This amounts to 8 percent of said waters.

    Starting in 2017, Amazone Resources will be charged 22.5 percent in royalties and 36 percent in taxes. Between 2028 and 2052, the royalties could reach as high as 38 percent. The government and the company will contribute 10 percent each in a fund dedicated to improving the potable water supply.

    The Coppename River will be the company’s main well as it is one of the few unpolluted sources.

    The first export to Barbados of 20,000 cubic meters is scheduled for later this year.

    Loop News Service
    Tags:
    Suriname
    water
    Amazone Resources
    Switzerland
    Coppename River

    Amazone Resources

    Foreign water company promises major revenues for Suriname
    BY: JONATHAN STUART
    15:54, January 12, 2016
    104 VIEWS
    The company seeks to export water from the Coppename River to Caribbean destinations such as Barbados. Director Cor de Ruiter says that Amazon Resources will pay a royalty of up to 38% to Suriname as well as pay due taxes. He compares this royalty to that of IAMGOLD which pays Suriname a royalty of just 6 % for gold extraction.

    The 38% royalty would come into play between 2028 and 2052.

    A recent study commissioned by Conservation International Suriname (CIS) touted freshwater exports as a potentially lucrative and environmentally sound industry for Suriname to embrace. The argument states that Suriname has a world class reserve of freshwater, that there is already viable demand which is expected to increase dramatically as time goes on, and that the industry would lead to greater environmental protection of our waters.

    http://www.loopsuriname.com/content/cnn-hero-monique-pool-warns-against-freshwater-exports

  39. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    “Pool raises several concerns about this notion. Suriname granted a 40-year concession to Swiss/Dutch Amazone Resources. The company will be allowed to tap an average of 12 billion cubic meters or 8% of water from the Coppename River.

    Starting in 2017, Amazone Resources will be charged 22.5 percent in royalties and 36 percent in taxes. Between 2028 and 2052, the royalties could reach as high as 38 percent. However, a feasibility study must first be conducted.

    Pool says that she views freshwater export as similar to the oil, gold and bauxite industries that we are looking to diversify away from in that our waters are a finite resource. She believes this is short-sighted and that a move to actually sustainable industries would be wiser.

    Pool says that an exhaustive, long-term environmental study is necessary to ascertain the true cost benefit analysis needed to decide whether or not we should embark on this industry.

    She raises concerns regarding the potential impact that extraction could have on the ecosystem, as well a broader concerns regarding climate change and the deeper vulnerability this enterprise may cause in the long-term.

    She also wants to know more about what kind of a company Amazone Resources is, citing concerns of amoral firms devoted solely to the profit motive with no qualms about social or environmental exploitation.

    The CIS says that the company will be thoroughly vetted before official business could begin.

    Pool hopes her concerns will be addressed at the information session scheduled for tomorrow”

    Surinamese are asking questions about the company and are hillding information sessions….. did the slaves in parliament even bother to research the company…..steupps


  40. Alvin, your comment at 11:03

    This is the nature of the problem. Even if the rain water decreased by 50% four years ago, there should be a plan to prevent a crisis. We would have had four years to plan. In any event the water table may take years, depending on that resource, before shortages start to appear.

    We have not seen any national efforts to plant hundreds of thousands of trees, for example.

    To make minibuses/vans the scapegoat seems a bit political. But where are the political managers in this?

    Surely, if you can’t manage water and sanitation, as a minimum requirements, your government lacks legitimacy.

  41. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    In 1970 there was a flood, had they started damming the water gushing out of St. John down to river road and into the sea from back then, there would be no water problem, prevention, it would have been cheaper than buying water in 2016.

    Both DBLP governments have been useless to island and majority people for 50 years.

  42. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

    Amazon Resourses AG, is a Swiss German Company and it’s a one man show so far, with positions available for 8 more directors, in Switzerland.

    It’s a for profit organization and could give 2 shits about environment or clean water or anything else except money.

    It’s address is Baarerstrasse 75, 6300, Zug, Switzerland….one director for the company…a Stephan Saldini, most of their information, of which there is not a lot, is in Swiss German.

    The fools in parliament would not understand any of it anyway…lol

  43. Well Well & Consequences Avatar
    Well Well & Consequences

  44. Pachamama November 3, 2016 at 8:09 AM #
    Alvin, your comment at 11:03
    This is the nature of the problem. Even if the rain water decreased by 50% four years ago, there should be a plan to prevent a crisis. We would have had four years to plan. In any event the water table may take years, depending on that resource, before shortages start to appear.
    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    THERE IS A PLAN!!!!!

    Rainfall is expected to fluctuate between 40 and 60 inches per year … average.

    I have data from 1847!!!!

    That is the basis of the rainfall map done in 1984.

    The plan is simplicity itself!!!

    Size the pumps in the wells to take a maximum which won’t exceed the 40 inch per year minimum in the associated catchment.

    Monitor the salt water intrusion in the coastal wells and shut them down if levels rise beyond a threshold.

    ………. but, the Government has allowed “development” to progress to a point where demand outstrips the supply.

    The benefit of the plan is that once rainfall levels rise again, the wells will recover.

    THERE IS DEFINITELY A PLAN!!!!

    … just that there are monkeys giving “development” permissions to land who don’t have a clue about the plan nor do they seem to know what is the maximum supply possible from the system!!!

    All that happens if there is a drought is people don’t get water because there is none …. all part of the plan!!


  45. Hopefully Suriname doesn’t have gold mining upriver!!!

    Remember Omai and the Essequibo River!!!

    http://www.infomine.com/library/videos/970c0/poison_in_the_lifeline%3A_omai_gold_mine_disaster_-_part_1_of_3.aspx


  46. Money is Freedom

    When the Indians lived here
    Without any trouble and care
    They had freedom
    Or so they thought
    Then the white man came
    And left them so darn lame
    Herded in reservations
    With all limitations
    Now they know
    The only place to go
    To get their real freedom
    Is to run away from them
    The blacks in Africa
    They had freedom
    Until they came to America
    Then they realized he traded
    His freedom for a few junkets
    He’s still fighting for it
    He looked around and sure
    All around saw he was poor
    If he wanted to move up
    He had to get money
    So he thought
    Money is freedom
    Going to America
    Enticed by his chief
    With some beads
    And a shining mirror
    Reflecting his horror
    These had to be good people
    Yet some behave like weevil
    These white men
    Can’t have black hearts
    Let us pulling carts
    But 200 years later
    Like catching a gator

    He’s still searching
    For and singing Freedom
    With every bum and chum
    We get just the pence and bits
    The hog’s goes to the misfits
    So how does one get money
    Everything is controlled
    One can’t win here
    Some manage to get out
    Now they sing and shout
    From the ghetto
    Go to school our parents said
    Work is freedom or you’re dead
    Freedom is money
    200 years later Sunny
    Trying to make it with big hearts
    In Sports, Music and in the Arts
    Some manage to get
    And after much sweat
    And tears finally
    Some earn money
    And earn their freedom
    But the slavery mentality
    Usurp their integrity
    Is still stuck in their heads
    A lurking fear and dreads
    Many making it big now
    Can buy the whole cow
    But can lose all of it also
    Not easy come easy go
    But a struggle to get here brother
    And maintain our staying power
    The Mexicans want money too
    For all their broods
    For money is power in all hoods
    Getting out from the burros
    Out of the neglected ghettoes
    To send the little one to school
    Maybe new sneakers
    Or buy medicine
    For the old ones
    The risk life and limb
    To get here just to earn
    Money to get power
    To help their families
    They defy the train of death
    Face gangs who rape and rob
    But yet they try every day
    To reach the Promised Land
    This time North America


  47. Well Well

    I remember the 1970 flood like it was yesterday because I went to school during that flood, and I distinctively remember my elder brother carrying on his shoulders because the water was get to high for me to walk in at the time. I was five year of age at the time and attending Roebuck Boys Primary down town Roebuck street during that time


  48. Alvin

    What guarantees can you give that known and unknown bacteria will not enter our aquifers when landed?


  49. …..the water is……

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