I do share your concerns about the quality of general management and strategic planning in both the Public and Private sectors. It calls for more thinking and insightful use of information. Too many employees find this hard to do. Independence implies taking responsibility. No one wants to do that, because of fear of failure. Why is that so?

– Vincent Codrington

It continues to be a puzzlement for the blogmaster why the former government constructed a headquarters for a reported 50 million dollars give a take a few million. A commonsense perspective would have been to appreciate that with 100 year old mains a part of the distribution network, better use of scarce resources would have been to aggressively implement the pipe replacement project. Instead the country had to endure the embarrassment of Barbados Water Authority (BWA) and Barbados Workers Union (BWU) locked in negotiations about this that and the other for months.

Those of us who have been around town long enough are aware that capital works projects create the opportunity for friends to share in the fatted calf. Many blogs have been posted about the mismanagement and lack of strategic thinking at the BWA AND other state owned entities. However, when all is said and done fingers point back to the governments of the day.

The issuance of a prohibition notice by the BWA caught our eye this week. It is no secret Barbados is categorized as a water scarce country. It is also no secret Barbados has been experiencing drought conditions in recent months. It was therefore a shocker to listen to members of the general public and others in civil society questioning why the BWA had not issue a prohibition order earlier to encourage efficient water usage. It appears to the uninformed that public cries to prohibit the use of water for non critical activities galvanized the BWA into action.

If water is a precious water resource should decision-making by key stakeholders not reflect it?

The public is being told one of the measures being pursued to ensure adequate supply of water is to boost production at Ionics desalination plant. The blogmaster recalls the Auditor General in a special audit of the BWA noted that in the Ionics agreement with the government of Barbados had committed to pay Ionics a guaranteed amount whether the BWA had the capacity to receive the amount or not? It was also noted that BWA did not have the capacity to receive water paid for  at the time.

Here are relevant blogs to serve as a refresher:

Another bit of information which caught the ear of the blogmaster from the mouth of the prime minister last week is that she wants the BWA to penetrate the lucrative bottle water market in order to sustain its revenue base. We will park this for now.

Every year do we have to listen to rehashed excuses from the authorities? The rain is not falling to replenish the reservoirs,  Old pipes are springing links and posing a challenge to be repaired, pipes in certain areas need flushing because of old pipes etc etc etc. We need to construct desalination plants.

Water warriors please fall in for another tour of duty!

 

 

149 responses to “Crisis in the Making: Water Woes Continue”


  1. The blogmaster recalls the Auditor General in a special audit of the BWA noted that in the Ionics agreement, the government of Barbados had committed to pay Ionics a guaranteed amount whether the BWA had the capacity to receive the amount or not? It was also noted that BWA did not have the capacity to receive water paid for at the time.
    ##############
    This is what PPP and the contracting out of government services is all about. They are just fancy names for pay the rich schemes. Those who expect something different with the privatisation of the airport will be in for a shock.

  2. fortyacresandamule Avatar
    fortyacresandamule

    @David. I think we get more than our fair share of annual percipitation to be labelled – A WATER SCARCE COUNTRY. The main issues in my opinion are storage, and the old main and distribution network. Most our surface runoff ends up in the sea. The leakages on the network contributed to BWA high non-revenue water ratio. Plus water conservation is not a GOB issue only. What are we doing about it.? Water harvesting policy by all household should be a priority.


  3. @ Vincent Codrington June 4, 2019 9:31 AM

    The use of dams and the siting thereof is the province of geologists and are beyond my area of expertise. The residue/waste by-product is going to be a major problem especially given the geology of Barbados and the under ground source of potable water. Seems as though the increase in salinity of the underground water is posing a problem. The question is to what extent has this increase in salinity been caused by the use of reverse osmosis at the local plant when disposing of the effluent.

  4. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    Tee White at 4 :24 PM

    I concur. We are not only shifting the distribution of income from the poor to the rich we are shifting it to foreign capitalist. We are assisting the reversed colonialism process. And we are doing with our eyes wide open.


  5. Tee but you have to realise that logic and approach spreads throughout government. Let me show you what I mean. Let us compare the collection of taxes to our water distribution in a linear way (sorry couldn’t resist it)

    We have a tax system that is badly broken and full of leaks with VAT and Duty at the ports of entry dripping from holes in the system. So with the amount of tax reaching the government at the end of the revenue down what do they do? They leave the old supply line of direct taxation broken and implement new taxes or income lines which all feed from the same reservoir know as our economy. Regrettably the reservoir has a STATIC volume and hence can not yield more to the lines than its capacity would permit.

    My point is that the approach to the BWA is no different to the one we applied to the transport board and tax system. We believe throwing more tax dollars at poorly managed entities is the answer, even though history has proved that approach to be a dismal failure. So like the Increase in direct taxation is suppose to fix the leaking pipe of indirect taxation which we have left as is, so shall we address the water issue.

    Finally like the Increase in water rates will do nothing more than pour more money into a bucket riddled with holes, so too shall the Increase in direct taxation fail to help the government unless the pipe of indirect taxation is fixed.

  6. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    David BU .
    We really need a national conversation. But the conversants need to leave their baggage at the door.


  7. @vincent

    Are you suggesting Barbados will transform so some Utopian society?

    One has to be pragmatic. Deal with it!


  8. The sad thing about this approach is I spoke on is that it falls heavily on the shoulders of the public who are being asked directly to pay more for governments inefficiencies. We are paying 30 ministers to find solutions and fixes, but instead we are being saddled with more taxes and user fees, so as to support poorly manages entities. I for one have a problem with that approach as unlike taxation, the average citizens wallet does not have an infinite bottom to it.


  9. Linear thinking definition:
    This is a process of thought following known cycles or step-by-step progression where a response to a step must be elicited before another step is taken. Linear Thinking is based on logic, rules and rationality (or sustained reason) to solve a problem. The thought process is singular: there is one path toward completion which ignores possibilities and alternatives. It’s methodical, sequential and focused.


  10. @fortyacresandamule

    Time to fix this water problem. It is an embarrassment in the same way as raw sewage being allowed to spew on our streets.


  11. David that linear thinking approach sound good to me, you think I could have it table at the next sitting of parliament? Especially the part about ” fixing one problem before going on to another one. ”

    Lord and there I was thinking it was a bad thing, many thinks sir!


  12. Linear thinking is fine in situations that demand it. A good leader cannot be only a linear thinker. Do you have anything constructive to add to the topic?


  13. I have shared with you my views at 4.49 where I said the way we approached the water issue is no different to how we approach other aspects of government. Do you think if the BWA was privately owned they would permit 40% of what is pumped to leak back into the earth? The answer is no because they would view that water as a saleable commodity and hence it’s lost would be viewed no different than if was any other saleable commodity that for argument sake was being stolen monthly.

    I heard in the last government, a MP say that the leaks were no big issue as the water lost would just go back into the system eventually. I then needless to say concluded the BWA was doomed.


  14. Go to the public library and ask to see the Water Resources Report from 1978.

    It is in 6 volumes.

    You need the volume on Quantity.

    You will see there was a plan, there was unused water (2mgd in the Porters Catchment) and it was expected to ne needed in the 1990’s.

    The plan was set aside and Westmoreland and then Apes Hill were allowed to be developed as Golf Courses and high end real estate developments with a high water demand.

    We “ran out” of water back in the 1990’s and at the same time increased the demand!!

    CRAZY!!!

    We have screwed ourselves!!

    I can think of 3 unused sources of water which might assist the situation.

    The sea – Unlimited, but expensive.

    The 9 mgd(?) of sewage

    The Scotland District!!


  15. The majority of the Scotland District run off passes through Long Pond and Green Pond.

    The rest flows through Joe’s River and the streams between it and Palmers.

    Benn Spring in Newcastle Woods is used.

    Figure out how much can be extracted from Green Pond and Long Pond.

    Just set up pumps and pump it into the sea.

    When the level drops the rate of pumping will give the rate of replenishment.

    It will vary by month.

    If the volume flowing into Long Pond and Green Pond is great enough to justify the investment, then treat it.

    Pump it up to the edge of the Scotland District, inject it into the coral and let it add to what the sheet water on the western flank receives from rainfall.

    It may reduce the need to shut down the pumping stations to avoid salt water intrusion in the dry season!!


  16. … actually, the level may not drop but the salinity of the pumped water may rise.

    In which case, when it gets to the level where it is uneconomic to treat, then that gives the volume available for treatment.

    Same idea, determine how much water is available in the Scotland District.


  17. John good ideas for sure and all back by facts, they all however require pro active thinking. Even if only part of what you suggested was done the cost probably would not exceed 25 million.

    Instead we built a massive building that can not generate a gallon of potable water. That is why I said the BWA has never looked at water as a saleable commodity, if it did that money spent in the pine would of been spent on securing supply and improving the reserve by building dams and reservoirs.


  18. @ Vincent Codrington June 4, 2019 4:48 PM
    “I concur. We are not only shifting the distribution of income from the poor to the rich we are shifting it to foreign capitalist. We are assisting the reversed colonialism process. And we are doing with our eyes wide open.”
    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    This is precisely what you are witnessing. And it will continue until every gram of the Bajan family silver is sold off to feed the beast of imported conspicuous consumption where over 90% of the goods seen on the ‘average’ supermarket shelves carry a range of ‘foreign’ brand-names.
    Why not insist that the current administration be proactive and turn the BWA into a ‘local’ publicly-owned corporation by issuing shares to the average Bajan and local institutional investors holding local pension plans and life insurance liabilities?

    Why wait until the foreign vultures hiding behind the mask of the Big Bad Wolf called the IMF offering forex for balance of payment support come a knocking at the BWA ‘red’ door?

  19. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    @ John
    @ John A

    The ideas you too have generated seem quite pragmatic to me. Not Utopian at all.


  20. @Vincent

    Utopian comment was directed to your last comment.


  21. Anyone knows what year the last audited financial report for the BWA was laid?

  22. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    @ Miller

    The only persons around here that are afraid of the Big Bad Wolf are you and David BU. The Barbados tax payers own the BWA since 18xx. We are not going to create another slush fund.


  23. @ Miller

    How can we put up for sale to Bajans an entity that has not produced audited finacials for years? Even their asset value is questionable, as we can’t take the pine building at its construction cost cause that had major over runs. If it was profitable with up to date financials maybe, but not under these conditions. It would be practically impossible to place a share value on the BWA as a result.

    If ever the BWA is sold it will be to a foreign buyer for USD. They will buy it cheap as it’s pipes and systems are so run down, they will spend some money on it and then Bill us to seek a return on investment.

    It may not be as bad as you think though, as we are now paying higher rates to try and prop up inneficiency, who is to say a efficient well run service may not in fact come in cheaper to the consumer.

    For example look at what Florida Light has done to be more efficient and now become one of the cheapest suppliers per KW/HR in the entire USA

    Plus we now getting rid of LIAT don’t let we create another monster for the poor Bajans.


  24. Depending on the volume of water available the most valuable piece of real estate in Barbados may well be the “Sand Pit”/

    The sand on which construction relies is running out but it must have created a fortune!!.

    But there is also SURFACE water to which the owner has legal rights ..riparian rights.

    The surface water is also a renewable resource!!

    It will always be there,

    How much will need to be determined as will how much treatment is required.

    Private enterprise may well develop (or not) the water resource and sell the water to the GOB … a la Ionics but hopefully, more transparently!!


  25. There is no surface storage for the volume of water that flows to the sea during high rainfall.

    This is true both of the Scotland District and the Coral area.

    What I am proposing is to let the heavy rainfall runoff go to the sea.

    However, when there is no heavy rainfall, extract whatever water is available at Long Pond and Green Pond and “store” it underground in the coral area.

    Do it 24/7, 365 ….. less the days of heavy rainfall

    It is not a static water storage but a dynamic one intended to decrease the amount of downtime of the public water supply wells on the West Coast.

  26. fortyacresandamule Avatar
    fortyacresandamule

    @john. That’s a good idea. I have seen a similar project called artificial aquafier recharging in the region. Where regular runoff, grey water, and other surface flow is channeled into sink holes opening to recharge the aquafier basin below.


  27. John I would like to suggest you document your ideas either by parish or method and keep them somewhere safe. If the BWA is ever privatised or run like a business , or the capturing of water is contracted out to private entities, your ideas would not only be helpful to the entity but worth you some money as well.

    You clearly not only gave this thought, but have a wealth of knowledge on the areas in our island that may well be overlooked as alternate water sources or catchment areas.

  28. WURA-WAR-on-U Avatar

    There is no need for water shortage in Barbados, if the dumb negros in parliament would do their jobs and TAKE AWAY THOSE WATER WELLS COW THE TIEF STOLE…..from the people of Barbados..the BLACK PEOPLE…..THIEF….that he is..

    stink dried up piece of dying flesh…90 years old and still believe he can STEAL EVERYTHING FROM BLACK PEOPLE..and all he is the .WALKING DEAD.

    https://www.facebook.com/jackie.stewart.965/videos/1043240999218772/?t=0

  29. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    @ John A

    Every sink hole in Barbados is already mapped. These maps resurfaced after the Brittons Hill disaster,. Further more the run offs to the sea increased after GoB and the plantations neglected to clean the wells periodically. Then there were land developments that filled in water courses and filled in wells.
    Those who are ignorant of history are condemned to make stupid decisions.
    We have only recently decided to change the land zoning system. Good politics but bad health decision. Why do we assume that the generation before us were irrational?

    @ John( the original)

    Do you see any correlation between surface run offs and land development?

  30. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    @ John A

    Do private companies produce essential goods and services more efficiently than public service institutions and departments?


  31. @ John( the original)
    Do you see any correlation between surface run offs and land development?

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    As far as the limestone area goes, If you cover land with asphalt and concrete there have to be wells that can sink the volume of water thrown at them which would normally percolate into the ground.

    In the Scotland area there are “no” wells, no water wells and “no” drainage wells.

    Water courses aplenty, but no wells.

    The drainage from roads and houses needs to get to watercourses otherwise the development rapidly becomes toast!!.

    White Hill for example has water courses on either side, Back River and Spring Vale Valley.

    When pit toilets were used and there was no running water it worked … for generations.

    Running water sealed its fate … no doubt a well meaning politician doing good for his people!!

    There are gabian structures at various parts of the Scotland District that are connected by porous pipe and drain the land but the bulk of the water will flow on the surface so no point having drainage wells.

    The idea behind the gabian structures was to get rid of what water did percolate on the hillsides and avoid the land slipping.

    … and if the bulk flows on the surface then it is pointless drilling looking for water underground in the Scotland District.

    Where you will find water is clearly in the watercourses (Joe’s “River”, Greenland “River”, etc) going to the sea and of course at the interface between the Scotland District and the Coral Cap in springs.

    Those springs feed the watercourses which go dry when the springs go dry.

    Those springs are fed by rainfall in the higher elevations so while I have seen Joe’s River dry as a bone, it was once upon a time long ago in an exceptional dry spell.

    Usually there will be pools and often running water, a reflection of the spring that feeds it in Horse Hill.

    Crayfish too!!

    Long Pond and Green Pond receive water from springs in the hillside starting from Cock Crow Rock, Dottin Spring, right around to the Spring feeding Spring Vale Valley just under the northern entrance to Welchman Hall Gully.

    The idea would be to harness that water from all the known and unknown springs 24/7 which will be present most of the time because its source is the rainfall in higher elevations.

    Any rainfall in the catchment between Long Pond and Green Pond and the cliff would be bonus.

    There are springs in the coral cap as well … Three Houses and Porey Spring still work.

    Beckles Spring used to work.

    There is one in St. Lucy, at Spring Hall which feeds the gully/watercourse going to River Bay.

    My recollection is that it is usually dry and you see the water only approaching River Bay.

    If you follow the gully/watercourse leading from Porey Spring to the Hole in Holetown, very often you will see surface water flowing.

    The Gully however is porous so unless there is good rainfall very often it is dry.


  32. @ Vincent without a doubt we only have to look at public transport.

    When the bus fare was $2 the transport board was losing millions even though they were subsidised by us.

    At the same time the private sector privately owned ZR fleet owners, were expanding their vehicle ownership. Now you and I know nobody don’t expand interest in a business that losing money!

    Wait sorry I meant nobody in the private sector. Government on the other hand dance to a different tune.


  33. John I am learning about these areas as I read your comments. It sounds to me like the BWA should privatise water collection and then buy water from the private collectors by the cubic metre. Let these investors who may own the land take on the capital outlay and then just buy the water as need it, treat it and infuse it into the system.

  34. Vincent Codrington Avatar
    Vincent Codrington

    @ John at 11:03 AM

    You may recall that in an earlier intervention I had recommended dams for the Scotland District not sink wells. Dr Lucas had retorted that was not his area of competence. And quite rightly so.

    @ John A

    The PSV and The Transport Board cannot coalesce. That is Economics 101. If you allow the private sector to pick up passengers on the Public Transport bus routes why do you think the TB will break even? That was an illogical decision. The TB functioned quite well in the past. It is confused decision making that is at fault.


  35. Vincent Codrington
    June 5, 2019 2:41 PM

    @ John at 11:03 AM
    You may recall that in an earlier intervention I had recommended dams for the Scotland District not sink wells. Dr Lucas had retorted that was not his area of competence. And quite rightly so.

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++

    I think that any major civil works in the Scotland District should be avoided at all costs.

    The land is unstable.

    It just takes one unusual downpour to obliterate it especially if it is in the path of water flow.

    If what is there is used, ie the natural ponds at Green Pond and Long Pond, all the water can be accessed with perhaps the most involved civil works being the means to extract it by pipe.

    Even if the works are damaged, they are easily repairable.

    Look at Google Earth and focus on the area in the Long Pond/Green Pond area.

    No impoundments are required, everything needed is there!!


  36. John A
    June 5, 2019 11:50 AM

    John I am learning about these areas as I read your comments. It sounds to me like the BWA should privatise water collection and then buy water from the private collectors by the cubic metre. Let these investors who may own the land take on the capital outlay and then just buy the water as need it, treat it and infuse it into the system.

    ++++++++++++++++++++

    As far as the Scotland District is concerned I feel that is a way to go because it looks as though one private owner may be able to get at all the water.

    There may be other landowners on the banks of the pond, the GOB included!!

  37. peterlawrencethompson Avatar
    peterlawrencethompson

    @John
    It is a delight to read you talking sense.


  38. Unfortunately he has left plenty of nonsense on another blog.


  39. I can do math and chew gum too!!


  40. @ Vincent that may be true to some extent but if we look at it as competition, you have private and public sector entities competing on the same route for the same fare, yet one is losing money and the other is making.

    Plus the private owners do not benefit from duty free status or preferred fuel prices, yet the old fare of $2 proved adequate for them to get not only a return on investment but enough for expansion as well.


  41. It goes back to the fact that throwing more money at inefficient entities does nothing but cost the tax payers more, with little or nothing to show for it.

  42. peterlawrencethompson Avatar
    peterlawrencethompson

    The BWA is typical of Barbadian organizations: inefficient, unimaginative, and often incompetent. Making it into a private sector organization will not cure any of these dysfunctions because they affect the Barbadian private sector just as much as the public sector.

    Johns appraisal of the natural limits on and potential of our fresh water resource are useful, but we need to remember that pumping more water will not cure the problem. This is because 50% of the water that the BWA pumps now leaks out before it reaches its destination because much of it flows through 150 year old mains which are disintegrating at an accelerating rate. If we invest many millions in pumping 10% more water and that takes us 3 years to accomplish, by then the leakage from disintegrating mains will have probably increased to 55% and we will have made absolutely zero progress.

    We need to replace the leaking mains.


  43. It is so obvious that we need to replace the leaking mains.I recall Canon Hatch making that call back in the 80’s and I recall BWA at that time under Nicky Sealy, was making enough revenue to put aside a nest egg of millions for the purpose of replacing those worn out leaking mains.Unfortunately a certain PM forcibly removed those funds from BWA to increase the pay of high level civil servants and after almost 30 years we are yet to replace leaking mains but we spend millions more pumping seawater,desalinating it to the delight of Bizzy and send the same water through the sieve called mains some of which were laid in 1881.Yet we have the Natural Gas line running through hills and dales since 1911 or thereabouts, still working to the satisfaction of the NGC.Bartel retunnelled years ago,BL&P always rewiring like every 3 years,what is BWA waiting on.They prefer to hear folk call in on VOB to report leaks that the slow learner Lowe promised to have fixed by special crews back in 2008.I suppose between Lowe and the other minister Walters both of whom were at BWA at one and the same time could not agree on the way forward.Lets see if we get lucky with the hardworking Abrams.


  44. The Scotland District has changed remarkably since 1946 when Senn did his report and spoke of the water reserves in the Scotland District.

    He reckoned that they did not amount to much.

    Since then the Scotland District, more by Accident than design meets his criteria to produce “considerable quantities of water.”

    It is overgrown by bush and trees … forest vegetation and thick undergrowth.

    Look at google earth!!

    Here is what he wrote in 1946.

    ESTIMATES OF WATER RESERVES OF THE SCOTLAND DISTRICT
    Senn Report 1946.

    The water reserves of the Scotland District cannot be estimated at the present, but they do not amount to much.

    This is partly due to the impervious nature of the rocks at the surface, partly to the complete deforestation and consequent soil erosion.

    As there is on the slopes no forest vegetation with thick undergrowth which would withhold rainwater, it has no time to infiltrate into the soil and runs down the slope, carrying with it the valuable soil and slowly transforming the Scotland District into a desert.

    The largest part of the possible water reserves is carried into the sea by the rivers during heavy rains.

    If a belt of forest would be allowed to grow on the steeper slopes particularly the slopes covered by scree and rock fall, which have little use for agriculture, the yield of the springs would be increased and become more constant, the rivers would also give a more regular supply through the year and the ground water in the alluvial plains would be increased.

    Considerable quantities of water, which are now lost to the sea could thus be preserved and used for irrigation of the very dry flats of Belleplaine.


  45. @John A
    …..if we look at it as competition, you have private and public sector entities competing on the same route for the same fare, yet one is losing money and the other is making.

    Plus the private owners do not benefit from duty free status or preferred fuel prices, yet the old fare of $2 proved adequate for them to get not only a return on investment but enough for expansion as well.
    ###############
    But this is only half the story. First of all, the public sector enterprises do not operate on the basis of any sound plan and are themselves caught up in the patronage system which sits at the heart of the party system of government in Barbados. When the DLP is in power, their people have to get the jobs and when the BLP is in power it’s their supporters’ turn. Their competence to carry out the jobs they are appointed to is not part of the calculation and they are not accountable for their actions or inaction. How is it possible that a public transport organisation has a fleet of over 200 buses and end up with only 42 roadworthy? At no time, during the downward decline, are the alarm bells sounded and no one is dragged in front of the people of Barbados to explain such gross negligence and incompetence. Instead, when the opposition become the government, the game continues. So that is the first part of the problem.

    The second issue, and this is the one I think Vincent is raising, is that the private operators will not touch so-called loss making routes. You may remember that a few months ago the PSV operators refused to be transferred from the Silver Sands route to serve the people in Glebe Land. Their representative stated, “Some of the owners don’t want to take their vans up there because it is not a profitable route”. This is basically the problem with privatising public services such as public transport. It’s not something that can be run strictly as a business, because it has to provide for a social need. It’s like privatising the police or fire service. That is why a fully nationalised public transport system makes sense because the profitable routes can be used to subsidise the unprofitable ones. If the private operators only take the profitable routes, of course they would make money, leaving the Transport Board to sink deeper into debt and eventually get closed down while the people living in places like Glebe Land wouldn’t be able to get to and from home in a tiny 166 square mile island.


  46. I get the impression that some of the mains laid 150 years ago are better than some lain more recently!!!

    I also get the impression that the contract to supply pipes a while ago was given to a political hack who supplied substandard material!!

    Put this aside for the moment.

    Most customers are metered.

    The BWA knows how much it pumped.

    The variable you need to determine what leakage exists is the :unaccounted for” water.

    Get that variable first before running after leaks.


  47. It was embarrassing to listen to GM explain that the BWA crew had to visit another location to dig up an old unused pipe in order to fix the major burst at the Globe roundabout last week.


  48. Rainfall varies on average between 40 and 60 inches per year.

    The Coral area can produce 44 mgd and 66 mgd.

    The Scotland District is 1/7 of the area of Barbados.

    We could pro rate and say it might produce 6-9 mgd.

    When the wells on the West Coast are shut down because there is insufficient flow of fresh water into the aquifer it doesn’t matter how many leaks exist in the distribution system …. no water flows.

    Leaks play no part in this scenario.

  49. peterlawrencethompson Avatar
    peterlawrencethompson

    @John
    The ‘unaccounted for’ water is basically comprised of: 1. theft, and 2. leakage. Is there a third component?

  50. peterlawrencethompson Avatar
    peterlawrencethompson

    @John
    We are pumping twice the amount of water out of the wells than we usefully consume; it is no surprise then, that “there is insufficient flow of fresh water into the aquifer…” to sustain this level of pumping from the wells. We need to walk and chew gum; ie we need to reduce our level of pumping from the wells and also adequately manage the flow of fresh water into the aquifer.

Leave a Reply to JohnCancel reply

Trending

Discover more from Barbados Underground

Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.

Continue reading